Typewriting-machine



J. WALDHEIM.

TYPEWRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC.I3, I919.

I Patented Dec. 20, 1921.

3 SHEETS-SHEET li Aw 6000006 .1. WALDHEIM.

T,YPEWRIT|NG MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED DEC-13' l9l9.

1 ,400,7Q2, Patented Dec. 20, 1921.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3- I gm i faf FFE CE JOHN WALDHEIT/I, OF ELIZABETH, NEWJERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO UNDERWOOD TYPE- WRITER COMIPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.,A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

c rYrnwRITr e-MAcnIivE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Pafignted Beg, 20, 1921,

Original application filed March 20, 1918, Serial No. 223,489. Dividedand this application filed Decem- 'ber 13, 1919. Serial NO. 344,686.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J OHN VV IDH IM, a citizen of the United States,residin in Elizabeth, in the county of Unionand tate of New Jersey, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Typewritin Machines, ofwhich the following is a specification;

This invention relates to typewriting ma chines, and more especially tothe ribbonvibrating mechanism for such machines, and is herein disclosedas applied to a machine having two setsrof'type-bars adapted to print atdifferent printing points, and embodying many of the features of theUnderwood standard typewriting machine.

This application is a division of my copending application Serial No.223,489, filed March 2-0, 1918 (now Patent No. 1,340,925, dated May 25,1920). In machines oi this'a'nd other types it is frequentlyadvantageousto have two ribboncarriers, which may be alternativelyvibrated to bring a ribbon to the printing point, one carrier beingidle, while the other is being vibrated. V

According to the present invention, there may be provided a singleactuator, which is adapted to engage either of two vibrating levers, onevibrating lever serving to actuate one ribbon-carrier, and theother-serving to actuate the other ribbon-carrier, Where the machineembodies two sets of type-bars, there maybe a separate universal bar foreach set of type-bars, and the actuator may en age with either of saiduniversal bars. in order to hold the vibrating lever against sidewisemovement, du'ringthe shiftin'goperation, each vibrating lever may beguided by bracket or member projecting from the segment which carriesthe type-bars. 11

the machine embodies a case-shift whichshifts the platen, there may beprovided "means to insure engagement of the actuator with the vibratinglever irrespective ofthe position of the vibrating lever, this beingusually needful'since the fulcrum of the vibrating lever usually shiftswith the caseshift. Means may be provided for supportingeach'ribbon-carrier, so that .it does not drop when its vibrating leveris disengaged from the actuator.

Other features and advantageswill-hereinafter appear.

In the accompanying drawings, 7

Figure 1 is a plan view,largely diagrammatic, of an Underwood standardtypewriting machine having two sets-o1" type-bars,

and showing my invention applied thereto.

Fig. 2 is asectional side view of the Same. Fig. 3 1s a skeletonperspective rear view, showlng the rlbbon-vlbratlng mechanism.

In carrying out my invention, I have,

mounted two type-sets 10 and 10 iii-front of a platen 11, either one ofwhich may be moved into effective relation therewith] Said type-setscomprise type-bars 12, which may be swung to print against the platenthrough the intermediary of bell-cranks 13,

actuable by sub-levers 14-. The free ends of the sub-levers 14, of whichthere are two sets, one associated with each type-set, project forwardlyunder hook-like portions 15 on keys or key-levers 16, so that they maybe actuated by said key-levers and moved rela- "tively thereto whenchanging from one typeset to another.

To conveniently-change from one, type-set to another, the type-bars '12are mounted on two -type-bar segments 17, which are supported by across-bar 18, forming part of a type-carrying truck 19 which is guidedby a rail 20, extending in'the direction of the platen and secured tothe machine frame 21. The type-carrying truck 19 may be moved from sideto side of the machine frame 21, to render either type-set effectivewith the platen, and to move'the free ends of the sub levers 14 intoeffective relation with the en gaging portions 15 of the key-levers 16.This maybe done by means of a fingerpiece 22, forming part of theltype-bar rests secured to the type-carrying truck 19.

bars 24 and 25, res ectivelv secured to the v P U a type-carrying truck,so that they may be actuated thereon.

Each sub-lever l i-has associated therewitha return-spring 26, torestore the connected type-bar 12 to its normal position, upon thereturn of the key-lever 16; the latter being restored'to itsnormal'position by a spring 27;

The key-levers 16 are pivoted on a common fulcrum-rod 28, supported on aslotted cross bar 29{ secured to the machine frame '21. V T hekey-levers extend forwardly beneath the sub-= levers 14, out of the pathof travel of the type-carrying truck 19 and the sub-levers 1 1 carriedthereby, when the free ends of the latter are. moved into engagingrelation with the hook-shaped portions 15 on said keylevers 16. 7

To maintain the effective relation between the key-levers 16 and thesub-levers 14, or, in Otl1'e1"\VOI-lS,"'CO guard against disengagementbetween said levers, during an a'ctua tion thereof, slotted guide-plates30 and 31 are provlied for the key-levers 16 and the s levers '14,respectively, which avoid any poss1 sidewise motion of said leversrelative to each. other while being actuated. The

guide-plate 30 for the l y levers 16 is preferably secured to the macl1H6 frame 21, while the guide-plate 31, which guides e forward ends ofthe sub-levers 14:, is secures 0 the type-carrying truck 19 b means of sbrackets 32 extending forwardly there-Mom.

To facilitate the mo ements of the typecarrying truck 19, anti-frictionballs 88 are provided, which play in raceways 34 formed by grooves inthe fixed rail 20 on the machine frame, and grooves in a rail securedto, the type-carrying truck 19.

By an inspection of 2, it will be seen that most. of the mechanism,carried by the type-carrying truck 19, is supported in front of theguide-rail 85 thereof Thus, there is an overhang which has a tendency toturn the rail 35 within the rail 20 and cause unnecessary binding. Toguard against such action, I have provided guide-rail 36, extendingunderneath the ty e-carryinp uck 19, with which one or more rollers 371.1 .y

' gage, said rollers being rotatably supported on the slotted cross-bar25 of s" truck.

The type-carrying truck 19 is normallv locked, to prevent accidentaldisplacement, by means of a pawl 38 which normally enin one of two slots39 and iihlfig. 1, according to which type-set is effective; said slotsbeing formed in the cross-bar 25 of the truck 19. Vl henit is desired tochange from one type-set to another, as for example fron'i type-set 1.0to type-set lOfl-the pawl. 38 is moved out of the slot 39 by means ofhandle or finger-piece 11, Fig, 2, pivotally'mounted at the left-handside/and at th front of the machine frame 21. 7 about its pivot 12 todraw on link 4L3 con nected with an arm 44-, projecting downwardly froma -ock-shaft 15, upon it .ich the pawl. is mounted. Said finger-piece l1is moved until it strikes a fixed stop 46, at which time the pawl hasbeen moved out of the slot 89. The type-carrying truck is then movedrigl'itwardly a trifle until the slot 39 is out of alinement with thepawl 38, at which timerthe operative may let go of the lingerpie'cecontrolling the pawl, whena returnspring. 47 becomes effective to holdthe pawl 38 against aback 48 formed between the slots ported at 58 onsaid carriage 52.

The handle is swung 39 and 40, on the bar 25. A continued movement ofthe type-carrying truck, by means of which time the pawl also drops intothe slot- 40 by the influence of the return-spring 17, and the handle 41moves backagainst afixed stop 50. Thus, the left-hand type-set isbrought into effective relation with the platen, and is accuratelypositioned by means of the stop, and locked in said position by means ofthe pawl 38, without any special attention of the operative. Tofacilitate the entrance of the pawl 38 into the slots 89 and 40, thepawl or the slots may be provided with beveled edges. I

The platen 11 is mounted on a platen frame 51, supported forcase-shifting movements, hereinafter described, on a carriage 52, whichis arranged to travel for letter-feeding movements,rduring typingoperations, on a front rail 53 and a rear rail-54 secured to the machineframe 21.

The letter-feeding movements of said carriage are controlled byan'escapement comprising an escapement wheel 55, which is geared to thetypewriter carriage by means of a pinion 56 and rack 57 meshingtherewithysaid rack being pivotally sup- A suitablespring-drum 59constantly urges the carriage 52 leftwardly, and thus tends to 1'0- tatethe escapement wheel 55, which is provided with teeth 60, engaging witha loose dog 61 and a fixed dog 62 on a dog-rocker 63 [which is caused tovibrate back and forth each time a type-bar12 is caused to print.

To do this, each type-bar is provided with a heel 64, which, asthe-type-bar approaches the printing point, engages with a universal bar65 to move the latter rearwardly to transmit said movement by means of acrossbar 66 thereon, Fig. 2, to a floating interponent 67, provided witha cross-bar 68 which engages with the dog-rocker 63 to move the latteragainst the tension of a return-spring 69; thusfreeing the loose dog, sothat it may.

be moved by a spring'YO, Fig. 3, to bring it into effective relationwith the next tooth 60 of the escapement wheel At the same time thefixed dogmoves into holding rel-ation with the tooth 60 just disengagedby the loose dog 61. When the type-bar leaves the platen to return toits normal position the wheel whereupon the universal but is hioug otellmounted on a bl latter moves until the loose dog 61 is arrested on thedog-rocker 63, e ter-spece movement the tygeheing su which upper-ts thebars of the eoi'respon tlve relation with s is correspono aliel movem'esaid guidih 3 73, Fig. 3 secured to 73, when ino'vedq projecting ah itthe universal bar 65 their ends hv u I upwardly from the versal bar.

65 is a] o moved her intermediary or" an 22-11 p werdly from he rock-she73, iich swings u hell-crank 1 8, conhec they to eiid iv.-

the type-her segmen i L projecting of if ElhCl'iLIiiI moves the lowerpart of the iuiivei'sel her, tofwhich it is otell ted b 11 s 81, s partc:

sal b o The ii'oug'l 'liui'v -i*ockei' o I may 0 ilgilg FY9111" #2, Fig,3 00111321 t 83 pivotul'y smiport Chet 8 noon wiich the l'oexei' 63 andthe escepe ient wheel 5e ai'e also supported. \JeiJ eck-shaft 83 lrs twoupwardly-ext o connected by t cross-her 68 pouch-t ward euc of v byliil: 8'7, e 7 ac.

,rren ecl to in with tl extending upw y from the 73061 A space-her 8 mhe i d to escapement hieche.

.h down wardly-projectiiig an A 9* the recs-shaft 83 of the swing remerock the latter and actuate-the dog-rec ei's 1 through theintei'medieryot the interponent 67, thus vibrating the loose and fixeddogs thereon, between the teethot the escepeineut wheel 55, to effect eletter-space -i ovement oi the cerriege in manner heifeinbei oi'edescribed. It will he understood with this 211'- i'angenient, that theescupement may be ectueted, by the space-l er, without idly actuatingthe universal bar 65.

'The pieteu ll may be shifted from lowercase to ug ier-ease position tofacilitate typin with lower-cm e and up eiJ-cuse types 92 end 93,respectively, by su'tahle shift-keylevers 94-, of which there may he onee1- i'enged at each side ofthe machine. Each shift-key-levei 94 may bepitotziily supports Qltlllg their forward ends at shittlOG, which movesbodily iuoweid when said shift-frame 96 is actuated, thus movv1e platen101. being ed 00 during let lilteil. Said pl s iiftin uiove'iieforwardly troiii 2 her 102 on said ph o with a couiiteiozilauce s in theUnder;

i e V i .t-o it'ecilitete the shining movements of the giateuReturnspi'ings, similar to the return-springs 27 for the key-levers 16;Hwy he provided for the cese-shittdte levers 94-. 7

Y A'iibhon o ugh whi ch ribbon passes con-spools ctious oi ent all.roller the ribbon- 4 are h'iouiiteu \i which contain the iihh iugs beingsecured type-carrying tilLl '1; 1 9 roller 110 13 mounted done by aribbon-vibrator lever 114, which,

when the universal bar 65 of the associated type-set is actuated, swingsabout its pivot 15 through the intermediary of an up wardly-projectingarm 116 on the floating interoonent 67 which actuates the do J. 3 b

rocker of the escapement mechanism. The connection between the lever 114and the interponent 67 comprises a pin 117 projecting laterally from thelever 114, which engages in a slot 118 in the upwardly-projecting arm116 of said interponent. Thus, when the interponent 67 is movedrearwardly during typing operations, the forward end of theribbon-vibrator lever 114 is moved upwardly to bring the ribbon 105 intothe path of the printing types 92 and 93.

The ribbon-vibrator levers 114 may be connected, one at a time, with theinterponent 67 when the associated type-set is rendered effective. To dothis, they are slidingly supported on their pivot 115 in the form ofafulcrum-rod which is secured by ears 119 to the shift-rail 100, so thatthe levers 114 may be moved sidewise of the machine to connect eitherone with the interponent 67. To assist in moving the ribbonvibratorlevers 114 with their associated type-sets, when changing from onetype-set to another, there is provided for each lever 114 a bracket 120,embracing the latter, and which is secured to the associated type-barsegment 17.

To illustrate more clearly the changing from one type-set to the otherand the connecting and the disconnecting of the ribbonvibrator levers114 with the interponent or actuator 67 during such operation, let it beassumed that the type-set 10 is to be rendered effective. The operativefirst unlocks the type-carrying truck 19, by means of the handle 41, ashereinbefore described. He then moves the type-carrying truck 19 towardthe right-hand side of the machine by means of the finger-piece 22.During the early part of this movement, the pin 117 on the ribbonvibrator lever 114, associated with the type-set 10, leaves the slot 118in the arm 116 of said interponent, Fig. 3. During the latter part ofthe movement of said truck 19, as the type-set 10 approaches itseffective position, the pin 117 on the ribbonvibrator lever, associatedwith said typeset, enters the slot 118 in the arm 116, after which thestop 49 on the truck engages with the pawl 38, to position said type-set10, and the pawl 38 then drops into the slot 40, thus locking thetype-carrying truck 19 in its changed position.

To facilitate the entrance of the pins 117 into the slot 118 of the arm116 of the interponent 67, said pins may be slightly pointed at theirfree ends.

During case-shifting movements of the platen 11, the ribbon-vibrator 108of the effective type-set moves therewith, so as to maintain the samenormal relationbetween the platen and the section of ribbon at thetypeguide 109. T 0 do this, the fulcrum-rod 115 for the ribbon-vibratorlevers 114 is moved with the shift-rail, through the intermediary of theears 119, during case shifting 114, and consequently the effectiveribbonvibrator 108. To guide the'ribb'on-vibrator.

lever substantially parallel to itself during this movement, so that theforward end thereof raises or lowers the ribbon-vibrator 108, the slot118 in the upwardly-projecting arm 116 of the interponent' 67 isvertically disposed and elongated, so as to allow the pin 117 on theribbon-vibrator lever 114 to move up and down therein, thus guiding theconnected lever.

It will be understood thatonly one ribbon-vibrator108 is connected withthe interponent 67 at a time, and that the disconnected ribbon-vibrator108 would have a tendency to drop relatively to the type-bar segment. Toavoid this, each ribbon-vibrator 108 is provided with ears 121, bentforwardly therefrom, and which normally rest on the base of thetype-guides 109, and also engage with the sides of said typeguides, soas to be guided thereby, during vibrations thereof. 1

It will further be seen that only the connected ribbon-vibrator 108 willbe raised with the platen 11 during caseshifting movements of the same,the otherribbonvibrator remaining in its lowermost position; but, as thefulcrum 115 moves up during case-shifting of the platen, the rear partof the ribbon-vibrator lever 114, associated with the last mentionedribbon vibrator, swings, thus moving the of register with the slot 118.If the operative should change from one type-set to another, while theplaten is in the upper-case position, I have provided means to guide thepin into the slot 118. This may include cams 123 at either side of thearm on the interponent to guide the pin 117 properly into the slot 118,thus establishing the connec-' pin 117 thereon out v saidribbon-vibrator 108 so that the ribbon 105, carried thereby, bears theproper relation to the platen. V

To avoid lifting the ribbon-vibrator levers 114 out of engagement withtheir respective guide-brackets 120, when the platen is being shifted toupper-case position, I have pro vided each guide-bracket with,upwardlyprojecting ears 124. These ears are of such a length that theywill retain therebetween their associated ribbon vibrator levers 114when they are in their upper-case positions.

The ribbon 105 may be fed from one to the other of the spools 106,during the typing, by means of the downwardly-extending arm 91,comprising part of the swinging frame 82 which is actuated through theintermediar by eit i r one of the universal bars 65, as hereinbeforedescribed. The free end of said arin has a slot 125, through whichextends a rod 126 between two arms 127, projecting rearwardly from arock-shaft 128, so that the latter may be actuated by the arm' 91,thereby vibrating a pawl 129' engaging with aratchet-wheel 130 on a mainribbon-feed shaft 131, carried by truck 19 thus causing rotary movementsof the latter; said pawl 129 being mounted on an arm 132 projectingforwardly from, and secured to, said rockshaft 128. A holding pawl 133engages with said ratchet-wheel 180 to prevent backward rotationthereof. It will be understood that the ribbon-feeding pawl 129 isvibrated back and forth, at each printing operation, through theintermediary of the type-bars 12 which engage with the universal bars65. The rotary movements or the main ribbonfeed shaft 131 aretransferred through beveled gears 13% thereon to drive the verticalcountershafts 135, upon which the ribbonspools 106 are mounted, throughthe intermediary of. beveled gears 136 arranged at the lower ends ofsaid vertical countershafts.

It should be understood that there are two sets of the gears 134, 136,and that only one set is in mesh at atime; and that the mainribbon-feeding shaft is slidable lengthwise in the type-carrying truckto connect either one of the gears 134: thereon, with its asso-. ciatedgear 136 on the vertical counter-shaft or ribbon-spool shaft 135.

From the foregoing, it will be understood that either type-set, when ineffective relation with said keys, may beefiective to actuate theribbon-feeding mechanism, and that therod or cross-bar 126 is;carried bythe type-carryingtruck 19, and is movable relatively to thedownwardly-projecting arm 91, at which time the cross-bar 126 slidesrelatively to said downwardly-projecting arm 91 through the slot 125 inthe latter.

In illustrating my invention, I have shown it as applied to theUnderwood typewriting of the floating interponent 67 having an actuatinglever, an actuating element, adapted to cooperate with either of saidlevers, and means for moving said levers and said ribbon vibratorssidewise to con- 1 nect said levers-one at a time with said actuatingelement and to concomitantly bring the ribbon vibrators to the printingpoint;

2. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a platen, of tworibbon-vibrators spaced apart'transversely of the machine,ribbon-vibrator-levers for said ribbon-vibrators, a common fulcrum forthe latter, a single actuator for said ribbon-vibrator-levers, saidactuator being adapted to engage with either ribbon-vibrator-lever butonly one at a time, andmeans to cause a relative movement between saidribbon-vibrator-levers and said actuator to render eitherribbon-vibrator efiective and to bring it to the printing point.

3. In a typewriting machine adapted to print at a single printing point,in combina tion, a plurality of ribbon-vibrators spaced aparttransversely of the machine a carriage on which said ribbon-vibratorsare mounted, said carriage being movable transversely of the machine tobring any one of said ribbon-vibrators to a position for use at saidprinting point, a lever connected with each'of said ribbon-vibrators andmovable therewith transversely of the machine, and a single actuator forsaid levers adapted to cooperate with any one of them when thecorresponding ribbon-vibrator is brought to efi'ective position adjacentthe printing point. 7 i

4C. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a platen, two.ribbon-vibrators spaced apart transversely of the machine, a leverconnected with each of said ribbon-vibrators to actuate thesame,projections on the adjacent sidesof the two levers, an actuating memberbetween said levers and provided jection in case such relative movementbetween the ribbon-vibrators and levers and the actuating member iseffected when the case-shittmechanism is in upper-case position. r

5. In a typewriting machine, in combi nation, a platen carriage, twotype segments side by side transversely of the machine, a set oftype-bars in each segment adapted to be swung to a point substantiallyat the center of the corresponding segment, a univen sal bar supportedon each of said segments, a ribbon-vibrator supported on each of saidsegments, a segment carriage supported for novement transversely of themachine to bring either segment and the corresponding vibrator to theprinting point, a lever connected to each vibrator and loosely mountedon transverse rod to be slid therealong, devices embracing said leversadjacent said rod and connected with said segment-carriage to cause thelevers to move therewith, and an actuator positioned behind the printingpoint and adapted for operative engagement with the universal bar andthe lever corresponding respectively to the segment and ribbon-vibratorbrought to the printing point.

6. In typewriting machine, in combination, a platen carriage, two typesegments side by side transversely of the machine, a set 01: type-barsin each segment adapted to be swung to a point substantially at thecenter or" the corresponding segment, a universal bar supported on eachof said segments, a ribbon-vibrator supported on each of said segments,a seg1nent-carriage supported for movement transversely of the machineto bring-either segment and the corresponding vibrator to the printingpoint, a lever eonn'ectcd to each vibrator and loosely mounted on atransverse rod to be slid therealong, devices embracing said leversadjacent said rod and connected with saia segment-carriage to cause thelevers to move therewith, an actuator positioned behind thev prioperative engagement with the universal bar and the lever correspondingrespectively to the segmentand-ribbon-vibrator brought to the printing;point and a platen-carriageescapement mechanism operable by saidactuator. V T

7. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a ribbon carrier and avibrator, oi an actuator adapted to be engaged therewith, means torshitting them relatively to tng point and adapted for each other, a typesegment, and, a bracket on the segment embrac'ng the vibrator.

8. In typewriting inarhine, the combination with a ribbon carri-r andvibrator, of an actuator adapted to be engaged therewith, means forshifting-teem relatively to each other, a type segment, a case shiftdevice on which the vibrator is pivoted, and a bracket on "the segmentadapted to guide the vibrator during the case shitting operation.

9. In a typewriting machine, in combination, platen carriage, a typesegment movable to and from effective position with respect to theprinting point, type-bars journaled in the segment, a universal bar sroprted on the segment and operable by s2 )e-bars, a separately supportedribbon acmator actuable by the universal bar only when the segment is ineffective position, and an escapernent for the carriage actuable by theactuator.

10. In a front strike typewriting machine, the combination with a typesegment and a platen carriage, of type journaled in the segment, auniversal bar supported on the segment'and operated by said type bars, aribbonactuator behind the universal bar,

a rocker behind the actuator to support it, a

second rocker supporting its front end, and an escapement for thecarriage operated by the actuator.

11. In a front'strike typewriting machine. the combination with a typesegment and a platen carriage,'of type bars journaled in the segment, auniversalbar operated by the type bars, a pair of rockers on the segmentsupportingthe universal bar, a ribbon. actu ator, a pair of rockerssupporting said actuator, an escapement actuated each actuation of theuniversal bar.

12. In a front strike typewriting machine, the combination with a typesegment and a platen carriage, of type bars journaled in the segment, auniversal bar operated by the type bars and carried by. the segment, aseparately supported ribbon actuator, an

abutment on the universal bar, a co'c' perat-v ing abutment on theactuator whereby the bar operates the actuator, escapement for the thecarriage, and an abutment on the actuator adapted 1 to operate theescapement. f

' JOHN ALDHEIM,

Vvitnessesz J ENNIE P. THORNE,

CATHERINE A. NEWELL.

